Miechów Upland - Nature 2000 "Wały" at the end of May

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[ENG]
In a break from the series of posts about Krakow Churches, I decided to start another series about another interesting phenomenon that has been moving me for some time, namely the vegetation on the Miechów Upland.

[PL]
W oderwaniu o serii wisów o Krakowskich Kościołach postanowiłem rozpocząć kolejna serię o innym ciekawym fenomenie któryod jakiegos czasu mnie porusza, a mianowicie roślinności na Wyżynie Miechowskiej.

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[ENG]
At the northern end of the Małopolska province, in the Racławice commune, there is a small, only 9.25-hectare, but exceptionally valuable Natura 2000 area called Wały (PLH120017). This area was designated primarily for the protection of xerothermic grasslands, i.e. dry grassland communities that develop on sunny slopes and limestone substrate. These are habitats of priority importance for the entire European Union - not only because of their uniqueness, but also because of the richness of species that often do not occur anywhere else. In Wały, these grasslands cover the southwestern slopes, where a thin layer of rendzina hides chalk marl and limestone.

A special treasure of this place is the Carlina onopordifolia, a rare and endangered species of plant from the Asteraceae family, whose population in Wały is one of the largest in Poland – it is estimated at over 10 thousand individuals.
In addition to it, there are also many other protected and naturally valuable plants, such as woolly flax, martagon lily, large-flowered anemone, meadow pasqueflower and various species of orchids, which delight not only botanists. The second important type of habitat under protection is the common juniper thickets – characteristic of areas with low agricultural activity and a steppe character. Their presence indicates natural succession processes and the preservation of a semi-natural landscape.

Unfortunately, the nature of "Wały" is not free from threats. Abandonment of traditional use – mowing and grazing – leads to the overgrowth of grasslands by trees and shrubs, which completely changes the character of the habitat and leads to its disappearance. That is why the Regional Directorate for Environmental Protection in its conservation task plan has included activities such as: removing expansive shrubs, controlled grazing of animals in the summer (after the orchids have faded), and late summer mowing.

[PL]
Na północnym krańcu województwa małopolskiego, w gminie Racławice, znajduje się niewielki, bo zaledwie 9,25-hektarowy, ale wyjątkowo cenny przyrodniczo obszar Natura 2000 o nazwie Wały (PLH120017). Obszar ten został wyznaczony przede wszystkim dla ochrony muraw kserotermicznych, czyli suchych zbiorowisk trawiastych, które rozwijają się na nasłonecznionych zboczach i wapiennym podłożu. Są to siedliska o znaczeniu priorytetowym dla całej Unii Europejskiej – nie tylko ze względu na ich unikalność, ale również bogactwo gatunków, które często nie występują nigdzie indziej. W Wałach murawy te porastają południowo-zachodnie zbocza, gdzie pod cienką warstwą rędziny kryje się margiel kredowy i wapień.

Szczególnym skarbem tego miejsca jest dziewięćsił popłocholistny (Carlina onopordifolia), rzadki i zagrożony gatunek rośliny z rodziny astrowatych, którego populacja w Wałach jest jedną z największych w Polsce – szacuje się ją na ponad 10 tysięcy osobników.
Obok niego występuje tu również wiele innych roślin chronionych i cennych przyrodniczo, takich jak m.in. len włochaty, lilia złotogłów, zawilec wielkokwiatowy, sasanka łąkowa czy różne gatunki storczyków, które zachwycają nie tylko botaników. Drugim istotnym typem siedliska objętym ochroną są zarośla jałowca pospolitego – charakterystyczne dla terenów o niskiej aktywności rolniczej i stepowym charakterze. Ich obecność świadczy o naturalnych procesach sukcesji i zachowaniu półnaturalnego krajobrazu.

Niestety, przyroda "Wałów" nie jest wolna od zagrożeń. Porzucenie tradycyjnego użytkowania – koszenia i wypasu – prowadzi do zarastania muraw przez drzewa i krzewy, co całkowicie zmienia charakter siedliska i doprowadza do jego zaniku. Dlatego właśnie Regionalna Dyrekcja Ochrony Środowiska w planie zadań ochronnych przewidziała działania takie jak: usuwanie ekspansywnych krzewów, kontrolowany wypas zwierząt w okresie letnim (po przekwitnięciu storczyków), czy późnoletnie koszenie.

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Orchis militaris L.
Storczyk kukawka

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Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.
Sparceta siewna

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Carlina acaulis L.
Dziewięćsił bezłodygowy

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Adonis vernalis L.
Miłek wiosenny

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Anemonoides sylvestris
Zawilec wielkokwiatowy

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Ophrys insectifera L.
Dwulistnik muszy

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Melampyrum arvense L.
Pszeniec różowy

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Thesium linophyllon L.
Leniec pospolity

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Campanula sibirica L.
Dzwonek syberyjski

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I love the pictures
They are beautiful

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Thank you for appreciating my passion for xerothermic grasslands

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Hiya, @ybanezkim26 here, just swinging by to let you know that this post made it into our Honorable Mentions in Travel Digest #2576.

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Congratulations @olusiu! You received the biggest smile and some love from TravelFeed! Keep up the amazing blog. 😍 Your post was also chosen as top pick of the day and is now featured on the TravelFeed front page.

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This place is a beautiful landscape 🥰 What's more interesting is that there are varieties of species of plants there. They're absolutely beautiful 😍 Good to hear that the Environmental Protection took action to preserve its natural beauty ✨ Thanks for sharing your wonderful experience to us ☺️

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Thank you for appreciating my passion for xerothermic grasslands

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It's amazing that these dry grasslands create a unique habitat for rare species of plants. Your post really brings to life the importance of preserving these natural treasures before they’re lost.

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Thank you for appreciating my passion for xerothermic grasslands

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Hello olusiu!

It's nice to let you know that your article won 🥈 place.
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