Kashmir’s Orchard Keepers: The Unsung Heroes of Fruit Cultivation

Fruit cultivation in Kashmir plays a crucial role in sustaining livelihoods, providing employment to countless people across the valley. It stands as the second-largest employment-generating industry after tourism, with many individuals connected to it either directly or indirectly. Their contribution significantly impacts the region’s economy, making it a pillar of Kashmir’s development.

This sector produces around 2 million metric tons of fruits annually, accounting for 70% of India’s total production. The industry generates revenue of approximately INR 11,000 to 12,000 crore, making it a key economic driver. Without this industry, many residents would be forced to seek employment elsewhere, especially the unemployed youth from rural areas, who find this sector an accessible means of livelihood.

Farmers form the backbone of this industry, but their journey is filled with challenges. Their work begins in early spring, as soon as the weather improves, and continues throughout the year. It starts with spraying oils, followed by applying pesticides, fungicides, and fertilizers, all of which are necessary to ensure a healthy crop. Managing insects and maintaining the orchards require constant effort, leaving no room for farmers to relax until autumn arrives.

Beyond the labor-intensive tasks, the financial burden on farmers is immense. They invest heavily in maintaining their crops, often taking loans to meet expenses. In addition to the high cost of fertilizers and pesticides, labor costs add another layer of financial strain. Yet, despite these expenditures, there is no guarantee of profits. Unfavorable weather conditions can wipe out an entire season’s efforts, leading to devastating losses.

Once the harvest is complete, fruits are sent to markets, requiring careful handling and transportation. After harvesting, pruning becomes necessary to prevent tree damage from heavy snowfall. Neglecting this can result in broken branches, further adding to the farmer’s losses. Maintaining apple trees demands continuous attention, posing yet another challenge for those in the industry.

Despite the hard work put in throughout the year, the earnings of farmers remain disproportionately low. A significant portion of their revenue is consumed by maintenance costs, leaving them with minimal profit. Those who have adopted modern techniques and imported fruit species manage to earn slightly better, but conventional farmers continue to struggle. Meanwhile, middlemen and traders reap the major financial benefits, leaving the actual producers with little reward for their tireless efforts. This situation is not unique to Kashmir; it reflects a global pattern where those who toil the hardest in production often receive the least compensation.

The plight of farmers is truly disheartening. Even after dedicating their lives to fruit cultivation, many find themselves in distress. Raising awareness about their struggles is crucial, as they deserve better recognition and support.

Hope this brings attention to an important issue.