Defensas en Europa point en Gibraltar // Defences in Europa point in Gibraltar
El peñón de Gibraltar desde que fue conquistada por los británicos se ha fortificado hasta niveles máximos. El control del Estrecho de Gibraltar y tener un puerto base en el Mediterráneo era imprescindible para poder mantener el imperio británico en el Norte de África y Oriente medio. Por ello toda defensa posible era poca para defender este puerto avanzado.
The Rock of Gibraltar has been fortified to the highest levels since it was conquered by the British. Control of the Straits of Gibraltar and having a base port in the Mediterranean was essential to maintain the British empire in North Africa and the Middle East. Therefore, every possible defence was too little to defend this outpost port.
La parte más al Sur, Europa point, es una llanura elevada con grandes acantilados verticales de varias decenas de metros al mar, pero aun así era uno de los puntos más favorables para empezar una invasión a la Roca. También este punto era ideal para controlar el paso del Estrecho con grandes cañones dificultando la navegación de buques enemigos.
The southernmost part, Europa point, is an elevated plain with large vertical cliffs several tens of metres into the sea, but it was still one of the most favourable points to start an invasion of the Rock. This point was also ideal for controlling the passage of the Strait with large cannons, making it difficult for enemy ships to sail.
Viendo una sección de Gibraltar desde el Sur, podemos observar diferentes puntos defensivos. El más alto es un cañón de artillería de 9,2 pulgadas o 234 milímetros de diámetro.
Viewing a section of Gibraltar from the south, we can see different defensive points. The tallest is an artillery gun of 9.2 inches or 234 millimetres in diameter.
Todo este modo de defensa ha quedado obsoleta y con el tiempo los cañones y artillería se ha eliminado. Pero aun quedan importantes vestigios de esa época colonial. Además de fortines construidos en diferentes épocas como los últimos de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
All this mode of defence has become obsolete and over time the cannons and artillery have been eliminated. But there are still important vestiges of this colonial era. There are also forts built at different times, such as the last ones from the Second World War.
En algunos casos quedan para la historia los pernos donde se situaban los cañones que apuntaban al Sur. la artillería más grande estaban montados en una estructura de hormigón y giraban sobre unos raíles de acero.
In some cases, the bolts on which the cannons pointing south were mounted on a concrete structure and rotated on steel rails.
Esta estructura fue usada durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial para colocar artillería antiaérea. Actualmente es un fantástico mirador para ver las aves migratorias.
This structure was used during the Second World War to position anti-aircraft artillery. It is now a fantastic vantage point for watching migratory birds.
En el centro de toda esta defensa en Europa Point está la Batería de Harding. Montado sobre una gran estructura de hormigón con túneles usados como polvorín, fue reformada como muestra permanente.
At the centre of all this defence at Europa Point is Harding's Battery. Mounted on a large concrete structure with tunnels used as a powder magazine, it was refurbished as a permanent display.
Debajo del cañón encontramos una exposición con la historia de Gibraltar, su importancia defensiva y detalles de los uniformes utilizados por los soldados británicos.
Beneath the cannon is an exhibition on the history of Gibraltar, its defensive importance and details of the uniforms worn by British soldiers.
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